Meredith Cohn
Dec 22, 2017
Open enrollment for health insurance under the Affordable Care Act came to a close in Maryland on Friday with about the same number of enrollees as last year.
About 150,000 Marylanders have signed up for insurance in 2018 under the law known as Obamacare, which provides coverage to those without coverage through work.
Maryland extended its enrollment period by one week after initially agreeing to a shortened, 45-day period set by the administration of President Donald J. Trump.
Nearly 9 million Americans signed up for health coverage in 2018 through the federal HealthCare.gov website this year, nearly reaching last year’s total.
The health law will remain unchanged in the new year, but a provision in the massive just-signed federal tax legislation would end the financial penalty for individuals going without health insurance in 2019.
Analysts say that could undermine the law if young and healthy people skip coverage and cause rates to rise even more for those who remain insured. The analysts predict that millions of people could leave the marketplace.
Insurers already raised rates substantially this year after federal officials stopped some subsidy payments to them.
“It’s hard to say exactly what the future will bring, but it’s a pretty safe bet that the rolls of the ACA will drop very significantly as federal subsidies decrease and as premiums skyrocket once healthy people leave the insurance pool,” said Jonathan P. Weiner, a Johns Hopkins University professor of health policy and management.
The subsidies that offset the cost of premiums for about 75 percent of consumers in the Maryland market remain intact, and have risen with the price of policies. But the so-called cost-sharing subsidies for insurers to reduce out-of-pocket expenditures for just over half of enrollees were cut off in October.
Weiner said some “wealthy blue states — like Maryland” likely will consider imposing their own requirements for coverage and subsidy payments. But that would likely be patchwork and not as effective, he said.
Advocates say they will push the state legislature to shore up the federal health law.
“The General Assembly can and should help protect Marylanders’ health care coverage by making sure the federal individual mandate is enforced in our state,” said Vincent DeMarco, president of the Maryland Citizens’ Health Initiative.
Gov. Larry Hogan, a Republican, did not respond to request for comment.
Leni Preston, president of Consumer Health First, said the state-based exchange was able to maintain its enrollment by investing in marketing, outreach and consumer assistance, which were all cut on the federal exchange used by most states. The extra week for open enrollment also helped.
“All of that said, the impact of the loss of [subsidy] payments meant higher rates for 2018,” Preston said. “Therefore, Maryland must take positive steps to both stabilize the individual market and ensure affordable health insurance options.”
She said the advocacy group is exploring options, such as a state mandate and a reinsurance program that would help insurers cover costs from their most expensive consumers, though finding funding could prove difficult.
Insurers said they already had factored in a lack of enforcement of the mandate in submitting their requests to raise rates for 2018 — CareFirst BlueCross BlueShield initially said it amounted to about a fifth of its double-digit rate requests.
Consumers protested the big increases, with some reporting to the state’s insurance commissioner that their premiums have doubled or more in the last few years, increases that were unsustainable for the roughly one in four enrollees who do not get any federal subsidies.
So far, the Medicaid program that provides coverage to the poor has escaped cuts. Under the health law, Maryland expanded the program’s coverage to about 290,000 more residents.
But the fate of the health program that covers about 9 million low-income children, including about 146,000 in the state, remains an issue.
The program, the Children’s Health Insurance Program, or CHIP, expired in September and has not been reauthorized by Congress. Lawmakers said Thursday they would fund the program through March.
Some states say they have or are near the end of their funding; Maryland, where CHIP is part of the Medicaid program, expects to run out of money by April.
In a letter to congressional leaders earlier this month urging action, Hogan said the loss in federal matching funds for CHIP would amount to $30 million in fiscal 2018 and rise to $121 million in fiscal 2019.
“This potential worst-case outcome places a tremendous financial and administrative burden on our state and sows fear and confusion among some of our most vulnerable populations,” Hogan wrote.
Bradley Herring, a Hopkins health economist, said the potential for the new tax bill to balloon the debt by $1 trillion may lead lawmakers to look for ways to cut long-term spending on large expensive programs like Medicaid, Medicare and Social Security.
“It’s been a bipartisan thing for a long time,” Herring said of the children’s program. “But I could imagine representatives saying something along the lines of we have such a huge deficit and we can’t continue to spend money on these entitlements.”
meredith.cohn@baltsun.com
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